Contents Blood cancers and blood disorders What is blood cancer? Understanding stem cell transplants What is a stem cell transplant? Different types of stem cell transplant What is an autologous transplant? What is a cord blood transplant? What is a haploidentical transplant? What is a matched unrelated donor transplant? What is a sibling transplant? Finding a donor for your stem cell transplant What is an Individual Funding Request? Where does cord blood come from?
Who can have this kind of transplant? Rayhan received his stem cells from a cord blood donation in You can read his story here. What will happen before the transplant? What will happen during the transplant?
Recovering from a cord blood transplant It can take longer for engraftment to happen after a cord blood transplant because there are fewer stem cells in an umbilical cord, compared to stem cells from an adult donor. What side effects can I expect? Short-term side effects include: need for blood and platelet transfusions increased risk of infections sore mouth mucositis liver and kidney problems tiredness diarrhoea and feeling or being sick loss of appetite. Cord blood and transplants.
Cord blood is one of three sources of blood-forming cells used in transplants. The other two sources are bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells. Blood is collected from the umbilical cord — not the baby — immediately after birth.
The donated cord blood is tested, frozen and stored as a cord blood unit at a public cord blood bank for future use. Stem cells mostly live in the bone marrow the spongy center of certain bones. This is where they divide to make new blood cells. Once blood cells mature, they leave the bone marrow and enter the bloodstream. A small number of the immature stem cells also get into the bloodstream. These are called peripheral blood stem cells.
Stem cells make red blood cells , white blood cells , and platelets. We need all of these types of blood cells to keep us alive. For these blood cells to do their jobs, you need to have enough of each of them in your blood. Red blood cells carry oxygen away from the lungs to all of the cells in the body.
They bring carbon dioxide from the cells back to the lungs to be exhaled. A blood test called a hematocrit shows how much of your blood is made up of RBCs. People whose hematocrit is below this level have anemia. This can make them look pale and feel weak, tired, and short of breath. White blood cells help fight infections caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
There are different types of WBCs. Neutrophils are the most important type in fighting infections. They are the first cells to respond to an injury or when germs enter the body.
When they are low, you have a higher risk of infection. The absolute neutrophil count ANC is a measure of the number of neutrophils in your blood. When your ANC drops below a certain level, you have neutropenia. Lymphocytes are another type of white blood cell. There are different kinds of lymphocytes, such as T lymphocytes T cells , B lymphocytes B cells , and natural killer NK cells.
Some lymphocytes make antibodies to help fight infections. Platelets are pieces of cells that seal damaged blood vessels and help blood to clot, both of which are important in stopping bleeding.
A person whose platelet count drops below normal is said to have thrombocytopenia , and may bruise more easily, bleed longer, and have nosebleeds or bleeding gums. T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Activation, suppression and exhaustion. Leukemia and Lymphoma. Diseases treatable by transplants. National Marrow Donor Program. Accessed July 20, Majhail NS, et al.
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